Both tools help protect against identity theft, but they work differently. A freeze blocks access to your credit report for new accounts, and a fraud alert asks lenders to verify identity.
Credit freeze
- Restricts access to your credit report so most new creditors cannot open accounts in your name.
- Is free to place and lift under federal law.
- Stays in place until you lift it.
- You must contact each of the three credit bureaus.
Fraud alert
- Tells lenders to take extra steps to verify your identity.
- An initial alert lasts one year and can be renewed.
- Extended alerts last seven years for identity theft victims with a report.
- Contact one bureau, which must tell the others.
Which to use
A freeze is stronger and a good choice for most people at risk, including after a data breach. A fraud alert is useful if you plan to apply for credit soon and want a lighter step. You can use both.
How to place and manage
- Use the bureaus' official websites or phone lines.
- Keep your PIN or login details safe.
- Temporarily lift the freeze when you apply for credit, with the bureau the lender uses.
- Consider freezing children's credit as well.
- Review your reports regularly at AnnualCreditReport.com.
Frequently asked questions
Does a freeze hurt my score?
No.
Does it stop all fraud?
No. It does not stop misuse of existing accounts.